Synthesis of Pd-TUD-1 via impregnation technique and its application

Abstract

Mesoporous materials have been used as catalyst supports for many applications. In this study, TUD-I, which is a type of siliceous mesoporous material with effective properties, such as large surface area (400-1,000 m²/g), interconnecting 3D pores, hydrothermal stability, and tunable porosity, is synthesized using silatrane as the silica source, tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) as the template. TUD-1 is used as a catalyst support for Pd metal. The synthesized catalyst is used to produce diphenyl compounds known as important intermediates and active compounds in the production of pharmaceuticals, natural products and engineering materials from the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction, known as Suzuki coupling. Pd-loaded TUD-I is directly synthesized via impregnation using palladium nitrate (Pd(NO₃)₂) as Pd source. Consequently, the synthesized Pd-TUD-1 is characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), surface area analyzer (BET), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The catalytic activity of the synthesized Pd-TUD-1 on the Suzuki coupling reaction via microwave irradiation is studied to obtain diphenyl compounds, detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).